Technical and Clinical Considerations for Successful Management of Postoperative Bowel Perforation by Percutaneous Foley Catheter Placement

Purpose@#The aim of this study was to analyze several technical and clinical factors associated with the successful management of postoperative leakage by percutaneous Foley catheter placement. @*Materials and Methods@#Thirty-two patients were included in this retrospective study. Postoperative gastrointestinal leakage was diagnosed by computed tomography (CT) and the patients underwent percutaneous Foley catheter placement into the leakage site through Jackson-Pratt tubes or imaging-guided methods. Clinical success was defined as successful Foley catheter removal without symptom recurrence within 1 week and the risk factors for clinical failure were analyzed. @*Results@#In all patients, percutaneous Foley catheter placement was successfully achieved without complications. Foley catheter was placed at a median of 10 days (range, 1–68) after the confirmation of leakage on CT. Clinical success was achieved in 26 of the 32 patients (81%). Systemic comorbidity (p < 0.001) and failed oral intake (p = 0.015) were the statistically significant risk factors for clinical failure. @*Conclusion@#Percutaneous Foley catheter placement can be considered an effective approach for the management of postoperative bowel leakage. The presence of systemic comorbidity and successful oral diet after Foley catheter placement are significant factors for successful clinical recovery.

Technical and Clinical Considerations for Successful Management of Postoperative Bowel Perforation by Percutaneous Foley Catheter Placement

Purpose@#The aim of this study was to analyze several technical and clinical factors associated with the successful management of postoperative leakage by percutaneous Foley catheter placement. @*Materials and Methods@#Thirty-two patients were included in this retrospective study. Postoperative gastrointestinal leakage was diagnosed by computed tomography (CT) and the patients underwent percutaneous Foley catheter placement into the leakage site through Jackson-Pratt tubes or imaging-guided methods. Clinical success was defined as successful Foley catheter removal without symptom recurrence within 1 week and the risk factors for clinical failure were analyzed. @*Results@#In all patients, percutaneous Foley catheter placement was successfully achieved without complications. Foley catheter was placed at a median of 10 days (range, 1–68) after the confirmation of leakage on CT. Clinical success was achieved in 26 of the 32 patients (81%). Systemic comorbidity (p < 0.001) and failed oral intake (p = 0.015) were the statistically significant risk factors for clinical failure. @*Conclusion@#Percutaneous Foley catheter placement can be considered an effective approach for the management of postoperative bowel leakage. The presence of systemic comorbidity and successful oral diet after Foley catheter placement are significant factors for successful clinical recovery.

Hyperfamiliarity for Unknown Faces Syndrome Following Encephalitis

Hyperfamiliarity for unknown faces (HFUF) is a rare disorder in which unfamiliar faces seem familiar. We report one case of HFUF syndrome. A 34-year-old woman was admitted as encephalitis with seizure. She repeatedly reported to her husband that all faces around her looked familiar. Our case supports the studies that show a differential contribution of two hemispheres in face recognition. Here we report this case for the first time in Korea.

Steroid Unresponsive Neuromyelitis Optica Improved With Plasmapheresis

Plasmapheresis is an emerging treatment for intravenous steroid-resistant neuromyelitis optica (NMO). We present the case of a 16-year-old girl who suffered from intravenous steroid-resistant NMO and whose neurological status improved markedly after treatment with plasmapheresis. This is the first report on the effectiveness of plasmapheresis in NMO in Korea. kwoo@plaza.snu.ac.kr

Celecoxib Attenuates Kainic Acid-induced Neuronal Cell Death Through Suppression of Microglial c-Jun N-terminal Kinase Phosphorylation

In the present study, neuroprotective property of celecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, and its underlying mechanism were examined in the animal model of kainic acid (KA)-induced excitotoxicity. KA, administered intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.), induced marked neuronal cell death with concurrent microglial activation and subsequent induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the hippocampus. Histopathological analysis demonstrated that celecoxib (100 mg/kg), pre-treated 1 hr before or post-treated 2 hr after KA i.c.v. injection, significantly attenuated KA-induced death of pyramidal neurons in CA3 region. Celecoxib obviously suppressed KA-induced microglial activation and subsequent iNOS expression. KA- induced phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) was attenuated with celecoxib treatments. The results of the present study demonstrate that suppression of JNK phosphorylation by celecoxib contributes to its neuroprotective action against KA-induced excitotoxicity suggesting that celecoxib may be a potentially valuable in the treatment of acute brain pathologies associated with excitotoxic neuronal damage such as epilepsy, stroke, and traumatic brain injury.

Supplementary Effect of the High Dietary Fiber Rice on Blood Glucose in Diabetic KK Mice

This study was carried out to investigate the supplementary effects of Suwon 464, which has over two times of dietary fiber content compared with normal rice (Ilpum), on blood glucose in diabetic mice. We supplied 5 kinds of experimental diets (corn starch diet as a control (CO), Ilpum polished rice diet (IP), Ilpum brown rice diet (IB), polished rice diet (SP) and brown rice diet (SB) of Suwon 464) to diabetic mice for 8 weeks, after analyzing dietary fiber contents of 5 experimental diets. Diet intake, body weight and contents of blood glucose, hemoglobin A(1c) and insulin were measured. The dietary fiber contents in CO, IP, IB, SP, and SB diets were 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.4, and 2.0% respectively. Body weight was lower in SB group than the other groups though there was no significant difference in diet intake among experimental groups. The concentration of blood glucose in diabetic mice was lower in SB group than the other groups during the supplementary period of experimental diets. The hemoglobin A(1c) and serum insulin levels were lower in SP and SB groups. These results suggested that the brown rice of Suwon 464 with high dietary fiber can control diabetes in diabetic mice by reducing the blood glucose and hemoglobin A(1c).

Supplementary Effect of the High Dietary Fiber Rice on Lipid Metabolism in Diabetic KK Mice

This study was conducted to investigate the supplementary effects of Suwon 464 developed by Rural Development Administration, which has over two times of dietary fiber content compared with normal rice (Ilpum), on lipid metabolism in diabetic mice. We supplied 5 kinds of experimental diets (corn starch diet as a control (CO), Ilpum polished rice diet (IP), Ilpum brown rice diet (IB), polished rice diet (SP) and brown rice diet (SB) of Suwon 464) to diabetic mice for 8 weeks, after analyzing dietary fiber contents of 5 experimental diets. Diet intake, body weight, organ weights, and lipids levels of serum, liver and feces were measured. The dietary fiber contents in CO, IP, IB, SP, and SB diets were 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.4, and 2.0% respectively. Body weight and liver and epididymal fat pad weights were lower in SB group than the other groups though there was no significant difference in diet intake among experimental groups. The concentrations of serum triglyceride was lower in SP and SB groups than CO and IP groups. The levels of hepatic total lipid and total cholesterol were significantly lower in SP and SB groups than CO group, and the level of hepatic triglyceride was lower in IB, SP and SB groups than CO group. The levels of total lipid and triglyceride excreted in feces were higher in IB, SP and SB, and the level of total cholesterol in feces was higher in SP and SB groups than CO group. These results suggested that the high dietary fiber rice (Suwon 464) decrease the triglyceride or total cholesterol concentrations of serum and liver by increasing of fecal lipid excretion in diabetic mice.

Supplementary Effect of Lentinus Edodes on Serum and Hepatic Lipid Levels in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat

This study was conducted to investigate the supplementary effects of Lentinus edodes on blood pressure and blood lipid levels in the Hypertensive Rat. We supplied 3 kinds of experimental diets (Control; CO, cap of Lentinus edodes; LC, and stipe of Lentinus edodes; LS) to spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) for 8 weeks. Diet intake, body weight, organ weights, and serum lipid levels were measured. There was no significant difference in diet intake, and body, liver and epididymal fat pad weights among experimental groups. The levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly lower in LC and LS groups than CO group. The concentrations of serum total cholesterol were lower in LC and LS groups than CO group. These results suggested that Lentinus edodes decrease blood pressure levels and serum total cholesterol concentration in the spontaneously hypertensive rats. But these effects of Lentinus edodes didn't show any significant difference between animals fed cap and stipe of this mushroom.

Evaluation of Nutritional Safety for the Herbicide-Resistant Rice in Growing Male Rats

This study was conducted to evaluate the safety of herbicide-resistant rice, a genetically modified organism (GMO) developed by the Rural Development Administration, in Sprague-Dawley rats. The nutrient content of herbicide-resistant polished and brown cooked rice was compared with that of conventional Ilpum polished and brown cooked rice to assess composition equivalence. Compositional analysis was performed to measure proximates, fiber, and minerals before animal feeding. Growing male rats were fed one of the following four diets for six weeks: Ilpum polished cooked rice (IP) and Ilpum brown cooked rice (IB) as a non-GMO and herbicide-resistant polished cooked rice (GP) and brown cooked rice (GB) as a GMO. We checked clinical symptoms (anorexia, salivation, diarrhea, polyuria, anuria, fecal change) every day, food intake, change of body weight twice a week, and serum biochemistry and organ weights after 6 weeks of experimental feeding among the four groups. Nutrient content of the herbicide-resistant rice was similar to that of the non-transgenic control and was within the published range observed for non-transgenic rice. We could not find any significant difference in the above-mentioned items as the index to be checked in the animals fed the GMO. These results suggest that the nutrient content of genetically modified herbicide-resistant rice is compositionally equivalent to that of conventional Ilpum rice and that growing male rats fed herbicide-resistant rice are no different from those fed Ilpum rice, non-GMO for 6 weeks.